Heat capacities of polyethylene and linear fluoropolymers

Heat capacities at constant pressure, C_p, and at constant volume C_v, were calculated with the help of normal mode frequency spectra and compared to experimental data for crystalline or semicrystalline polyethylene, poly(vinyl fluoride), poly(vinylidene fluoride), polytrifluooroethylene and poly(tetrafluoroethylene). A calculation scheme using a Tarasov function for 2N skeletal vibrational modes and an approximation of the residual 7N normal modes from known data on polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene is developed for all homologous, linear fluoropolymers. N is the number of carbon backbone atoms of the repeating unit. Calculations can be carried out over the whole temperature range 0 K to melting. For the two theta temperatures and the constant A₀ used for C_v to C_p conversion, fluorine-concentration dependent curves are given. The relations are expected to hold also for copolymers and blends of intermediate fluorine contents. Recommended experimental (data bank) heat capacities agree to ±2.5% with the calculations.     

设抗震增强体的桩基础力学特性的原位试验研究

在过去的大地震中,许多桩基础因强烈振动和地基变形而遭受结构性破坏,因而提出一种既可以应用于新建桩基础,也可以应用于现有桩基础的抗震加固方法,即采用地基加固技术在桩基础中设置抗震增强体,以与桩基础的钢筋混凝土承台形成双层抗弯结构。采用等比例模型原位水平载荷试验和振动试验以及开挖检查等方法,对抗震加固的力学特性和构建质量进行加固前后的对比研究,进而证实了该加固方法的有效性和可行性,为同类工程起到了一定的参考意义。     

Effect of ultrasound on the morphology and properties of polypropylene/inorganic filler composites

The effects of ultrasonic irradiation on the rheology, structure, and properties of PP/inorganic filler composites were studied. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ultrasound increased the orientation degrees of acicular fillers to the flow direction. WAXD indicated that ultrasound vibration induced sheet fillers orient with its surface perpendicular to the direction of the ultrasound vibration. The orderly rearrangements of fillers in the polymer melt induced by ultrasound vibration can reduce the steric hindrances in the flow field and increase the flowability of the PP/inorganic filler composites. The effect of ultrasound on reducing the apparent viscosities is very prominent, especially at lower shear rate. Ultrasound has an even more marked effect on reducing the apparent viscosities of composites containing fillers of larger size. With ultrasound vibration, the mechanical properties of the composites are also improved because of the orientation and uniform dispersion of fillers in the matrix. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1553–1560, 2005     

双质体振动机的应用——浅谈解决橡胶后处理装置地基振动的方法

以降低合成橡胶生产厂后处理装置各种振动机造成的地基振动为目的,对双质体振动机的隔振效能进行了定量分析。通过生产实践,总结了单质体振动机、非平衡型双质体振动机和对称平衡型双质体振动机的优缺点,给出了后者的设计计算数据。经综合分析和生产考核,认为采用对称平衡型双质体振动机是降低地基振、降低噪音、延长振动机的运转周期和使用寿命的最佳方法。     

乐果合成釜故障分析及处理

通过增加底轴承来改变搅拌轴的临界转速,解决了乐果合成釜试车过程中震动较大的问题,达到了生产和工艺要求。     

聚合物合成及成型加工中协同学的应用

综述了协同学在聚合物领域的最新研究进展，介绍了加工制备一些聚合物合成及复合材料所显示出的协同效应，以及用协同学方法定量求解一类合成反应体系的动力学模型。提出通过改变振动力场等作用方式，在聚合物动态塑化成型加工时，协同学方法具有广阔的应用前景。     

凝结水再循环管道振动原因及减振措施

对比了福建省内某电厂一期、二期工程600 MW发电机组凝结水再循环管道的设计和布置,经过分析,得出了一期管道振动的原因。在二期设计中做出了一些改进,基本解决了凝结水再循环管道的振动问题。     

Polyamidoamine dendrimers as curing agents: The optimum polyamidoamine concentration selected by dynamic torsional vibration method and thermogravimetric analyses

Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were investigated as curing agents in bisphenol A epoxy resin systems. The cure behavior of epoxy resin/PAMAM at varying components was investigated by a dynamic torsional vibration method (DTVM); the thermal behavior of the materials was characterized by means of thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses. The DTVM results show that 10/100 parts of the resin (phr) PAMAM was the optimum concentration for 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 G PAMAM dendrimers/resin systems in our experiment. Also, the TGA results agreed with the conclusions made by the DTVM. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1430–1434, 2007     

基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺振型检测技术

振动陀螺谐振子振型一般采用激光进行非接触式测量,这种方法存在设备成本高、操作复杂、效率低等问题,因此,提出了一种基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子振型测试方法。该方法利用体积小,指向性高的MEMS声传感器对谐振子振动声场进行高分辨率测量,获得精确的谐振子振动分布情况,建立了谐振子声波测试实验系统,进行了测试实验,并与激光测振仪的测量结果进行比对。实验结果表明,该测试系统具有较高的振型测量精度。这种测试方法成本低,操作简便,测量精度高,可以实现谐振子振型的高精度快速测量,为后续的谐振子修形及陀螺控制提供重要基础。     

Effect of vibration on eye,head and helmet movements while wearing a helmet‐mounted display

Previous research has demonstrated a loss of helmet‐mounted display (HMD) legibility for users exposed to whole body vibration. A pair of human factors studies was conducted to evaluate the effect of whole body vibration on eye, head, and helmet movements for seated users of a HMD while conducting simple fixation and smooth pursuit tracking tasks. These experiments confirmed that vertical eye motion can be demonstrated, that is consistent with the human visual systems' response to the vestibular–ocular reflex (VOR). Helmet slippage was also shown to occur, which could exacerbate loss of display legibility. The largest amplitudes in eye movements were observed during exposure to sinusoidal vibration in the 4–6 Hz range, which is consistent with the frequencies that past research has associated with whole‐body resonance and the largest decrease in display legibility. Further, the measured eye movements appeared to be correlated with both the angular acceleration of the user's head and the angular slippage of the user's helmet. This research demonstrates that the loss of legibility while wearing HMDs likely results from a combination of VOR‐triggered eye movements and movement of the display. Future compensation algorithms should consider adjusting the display in response to both VOR‐triggered eye and HMD motion.